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Typification of the Linnaean name Hemerocallis liliastrum
expand article infoLorenzo Peruzzi‡
‡ University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Corresponding author: Lorenzo Peruzzi ( lorenzo.peruzzi@unipi.it )

Academic editor: Gianniantonio Domina
© 2025 Lorenzo Peruzzi.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation: Peruzzi L (2025) Typification of the Linnaean name Hemerocallis liliastrum. Italian Botanist 20: 41-44. https://doi.org/10.3897/italianbotanist.20.170416
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Abstract

The typification of the Linnaean name Hemerocallis liliastrum, basionym of Paradisea liliastrum, is discussed. Original materials consist of three herbarium specimens (two part of the Adriaan van Royen Herbarium at L, the third included in Linnaeus Herbarium at LINN) and two illustrations published by Dalechamps and Clusius. The specimen in LINN is designated as the lectotype. The type choice maintains the present usage of the Linnaean name.

Keywords

Anthericum, Hemerocallis, Linnaean names, nomenclature, Paradisea, typification

Introduction

Hemerocallis liliastrum L. is the basionym of Paradisea liliastrum (L.) Bertol. (Asparagaceae subfam. Agavoideae; see Chase et al. 2009), a notable southwestern European species widespread in Pyrenees, Jura, Alps, and Apennines (Stearn 1950; Webb 1980), although its occurrence in the Apennines is limited to north (Bartolucci et al. 2024). This name has not yet been typified (Jarvis 2007), and a lectotype is here designated to fix its application according to current usage.

Typification of the name

Hemerocallis liliastrum L., Sp. Pl. 1: 324. 1753.

≡ Anthericum liliastrum (L.) L., Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 1: 445. 1762. ≡ Anthericum grandiflorum Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 250. 1796., nom. illeg. (Art. 52.1 of the ICN; Turland et al. 2025) ≡ Scilla liliiformis F.Lestib., Botanogr. Belg.: 172. 1781., nom. illeg. (Art. 52.1 of the ICN) ≡ Phalangium liliastrum (L.) Desf., Tabl. École Bot.: 26. 1804. [October 1804] ≡ Phalangium liliastrum (L.) Brot., Fl. Lusit. 1: 534. 1804. [October 1804], isonym ≡ Czackia liliastrum (L.) Andrz., Czachia: 1. 1818. ≡ Liliastrum album Link, Handbuch 1: 173. 1829. ≡ Pleisolirion liliastrum (L.) Raf., Fl. Tellur. 2: 28. 1837. ≡ Paradisea liliastrum (L.) Bertol., Fl. Ital. 4: 133. 1840.

Lectotypus

(here designated): Herb. Linn., No. 432.9 (LINN!; Fig. 1A).

Figure 1. 

Original materials of the Linnaean name Hemerocallis liliastrum A Herbarium Linnaeus No. 432.9 (LINN), designated as the lectotype B Hemerocallis radice tuberosa, corollis hexapetalis in Herbarium van Royen No. 913.18-70 (Sheet No. L0052789, L) C Illustration of Phalangium Dalechamps in Dalechamps (1586: 852) D Illustration of Phalangium allobrogicum majus in Clusius (1605).

Remarks.

Linnaeus (1753: 324) made slight changes to his diagnosis (HEMEROCALLIS scapo simplici, corollis hexapetalis campanulatis) drawing from his own account in Hortus Cliffortianus (Linnaeus, 1738: 128) and from van Royen’s (1740: 27) Florae Leydensis Prodromus where the polynomial Hemerocallis radice tuberosa, corollis hexapetalis is recorded. He also refers to Haller (1742: 290), however, in this source the polynomial cannot be found, and only a reference to the epithet “liliastrum” appears. Then, he added other synonyms from Bauhin (1623: 29, “Phalangium magno flore”), Clusius (1605, “Phalangium allobrogicum majus”), and Dalechamps (1586, “Phalangium”). The species is cited as occurring “in Alpibus Helveticis, Allobrogicis”.

In the Linnean herbarium at LINN, there is one specimen that can be considered original material, bearing the original annotation “2 Liliastrum” (No. 432.9, numbering follows Savage 1945; Fig. 1A). In the Clifford Herbarium there is a specimen (sheet No. BM000558542, BM) identifiable as this species, but it is not associated with the relevant entry there and therefore cannot be considered original material.

Adriaan van Royen’s Herbarium is conserved at L and it was studied by Linnaeus. In the van Royen Herbarium there are two herbarium specimens at L (the better preserved Sheet No. L0052789, 913.18-70 - Fig. 1B, and the Sheet No. L0052788, 913.18-68) which can be considered as original material.

Bauhin’s polynomials are associated with original material studied by Linnaeus in the Burser Herbarium at UPS; however, no entry for “Phalangium magno flore” is preserved in this herbarium. Finally, there are accurate illustrations in Dalechamps (1586: 852, “Phalangium Dalechamps”; Fig. 1C) and in Clusius (1605, “Phalangium allobrogicum majus”; Fig. 1D) which also constitute original material.

Among the five traced original materials, we here designate the complete and better-preserved specimen in the Linnean Herbarium as the lectotype of Hemerocallis liliastrum. The lectotype, along with the remaining original material, corresponds to the current concept of this species (e.g., Romero 2013; Tison and de Foucault 2014; Pignatti 2017).

Acknowledgements

The author thanks Mats Hjertson, curator of UPS, for providing information on original material relevant to the name studied. This study was funded by the European Union - Next Generation EU. PNRR MUR M4 C2 Inv. 1.4 CUP B63C22000650007. National Biodiversity Future Center - NBFC, CUP CN_00000033, spoke 3, project 3P_earthBIODIV.

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