Notulae to the Italian flora of algae, bryophytes, fungi and lichens: 12

In this contribution, new data concerning bryophytes, fungi and lichens of the Italian flora are presented. It includes new records, confirmations or exclusions for the bryophyte genera Acaulon, Campylopus, Entosthodon, Homomallium, Pseudohygrohypnum, and Thuidium, the fungal genera Entoloma, Cortinarius, Mycenella, Oxyporus, and Psathyrella and the lichen genera Anaptychia, Athallia, Baeomyces, Bagliettoa, Calicium, Nephroma, Pectenia, Phaeophyscia, Polyblastia, Protoparmeliopsis, Pyrenula, Ramalina, and San-


How to contribute
The text of the records should be submitted electronically to: Cecilia Totti (c.totti@ univpm.it) for algae, Marta Puglisi (mpuglisi@unict.it) for bryophytes, Alfredo Vizzini (alfredo.vizzini@unito.it) for fungi, Sonia Ravera (sonia.ravera@unipa.it) for lichens. Each text should be within 1,000 characters (spaces included). Acaulon fontiquerianum is a gregarious and ephemeral submediteranean-suboceanic species, included as Endangered in the Red List of the Italian Flora (Rossi et al. 2013). It is quite common in the Mediterranean, and in Italy is reported only for Sicilia (Lo Giudice 1995) and Sardegna (Cogoni and Scrugli 2000), where it is considered rare. In Toscana, at the coastal site of Baratti, A. fontiquerianum oc-cupies a large area of the surrounding arable fields, vineyards and paths near the pinewood, frequently accompanied by Entosthodon fascicularis (Hedw.) Müll.Hal., and Riccia sorocarpa Bisch.

Bryophytes
G. Pandeli, I. Bonini Campylopus introflexus is native to the southern hemisphere, where it is known from South America, southern Africa, and southern Australasia (Hassal and Söderström 2005). In Europe, it was first discovered in the southern part of Great Britain in 1941 (Richards 1963) and in Italy in 1956 in Campania (Reimers 1956). The most recent Italian report is from Sicilia (Ellis et al. 2017). The species is recognizable for the lanceolate leaves showing a hyaline hair tip, which is 90° reflexed in dry condition (Frahm and Stech 2006), and for the capsule carried by a strongly down-curved seta.
D Entosthodon hungaricus was described as Funaria hungarica Boros and long considered a European endemic species, until, later on, it was also found in Israel, Kazakhstan, and Kirgizia (Cano et al. 1999). Because of the synonymization of E. maroccanum (Meyl.) Hebr. & Lo Giudice with this species, it is currently recorded also for Morocco and Sicilia (Pisarenko et al. 2001). In Europe, this species shows a peculiar distribution, ranging from the Mediterranean basin to the eastern Europe, similarly to some other xerothermic species. In Italy, this species is reported only from Sicilia (Aleffi et al. 2020 Homomallium incurvatum is quite common; it occurs in several Mediterranean countries (Ros et al. 2013) and in most of the northern Italian administrative regions (Aleffi et al. 2020). We found this species on shady rocks within two moist riparian woods, characterized by black alder, in the ambit of the priority Habitat 91E0* "Alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior (Alno-Padion, Alnion incanae, Salicion albae)", during the surveys for the Interreg ALCOTRA CoBiodiv and Ge-Biodiv projects.
D Pseudohygrohypnum eugyrium was reported in Italy by Aleffi et al. (2020) only for Lombardia on the basis of a collection by G. Brusa from Lake Monate (Varese). In Europe, it is not common and is considered Near Threatened (Hodgetts et al. 2019). In the same habitat, Dichodontium pellucidum (Hedw.) Schimp., Homalia trichomanoides (Hedw.) Brid., and Thamnobryum alopecurum (Hedw.) Gangulee were also observed. This species was identified by comparison with the related P. Thuidium assimile is a temperate species occurring in several Mediterranean countries (Ros et al. 2013) and in almost all the northern Italian administrative regions (Aleffi et al. 2020). It was found in a mesophilus montane chestnut forest referred to Habitat 9260 "Castanea sativa woods" of the 92/43/CEE Habitat Directive. Several other bryophytes were found in the same site, such as This species is characterized by its cuboid spores and lageniform cheilocystidia. Based on a morphological analysis, E. rhombisporum was placed in E. subg. Inocephalus Noordel., sect. Staurospora (Largent & Thiers) Noordel. (Noordeloos 2004). A recent phylogenetic analysis based on molecular data (He et al. 2019) places the species of the subg. Inocephalus with cuboid spores in a clade of its own. In Europe, E. rhombisporum is one of the few species provided with cuboid spores. Entoloma rhombisporum is a rare species, albeit reported from several European countries, e.g., Portugal, Sweden, Germany, Norway A group of cespitose, medium-sized and agaricoid basidiomata referable to C. subg. Telamonia (Fr.) Wünsche (due to the dry and dull-coloured pilei) was detected in a mixed broadleaved coppice stand and identified as Cortinarius confirmatus, a fungus known as ectomycorrhizal in association with Quercus sp. pl. in the Mediterranean thermophilic area and with Populus alba L. along riparian woods in the continental zone. The spores, produced in a hymenophore supported by a naked silky stipe, were ovoid to ellipsoid and 7-9 × 4-5 µm in size (Liimatainen et al. 2017). In Italy, the few reports of this species are from the northern regions and Sicilia, where it has probably been described as C. saturninus var. bresadolae M.M.Moser (Moser 1980;Onofri et al. 2013 A couple of mycenoid basidiomata belonging to Mycenella salicina were separately observed and identified on the ground, among woody residuals covered by moss in a clearing of a mixed broadleaved coppice stand mainly composed of Q. cerris L. and Q. pubescens Willd. The grey-brown and 2-cm-diameter campanulate and striate pilei were supported by a slender, pale, more brownish lower stipe. The spores are ventricose, whitish and almost-free gills produced sub-globose and distinctly smooth, thus differing from the verrucose spores detectable in the other species of the same genus (Knudsen 1992;Cortecuisse and Duhem 1995). Mycenella salicina was so far only reported from northern Italy (Onofri et al. 2013 Resupinate whitish basidiomata of Oxyporus latemarginatus were detected and identified based on their macro-morphology and on the hyaline, inamyloid, ovoidellipsoid and smooth basidiospores (Stalpers 1978). Identical basidiomata had been observed among broadleaved wood debris in a courtyard of a building in the urban area of the municipality of Rende (Cosenza) in the autumn of 2019 (G. Maiorca, pers. comm.). This polyporaceous and wood-inhabiting fungus is widespread in the boreal hemisphere, mainly on deciduous trees, as a saprotroph or a weak pathogen causing white rot in the heartwood (Bernicchia 1990). Reports of O. latemarginatus cover almost all administrative regions in northern Italy and part of central Italy, but apparently not southern Italy, except Campania and Puglia (Sicoli et al. 2004, Onofri et al. 2013 Psathyrelloid basidiomata belonging to Psathyrella corrugis were observed sprouting from a sleeper obtained from Quercus cerris L. The pilei were conical-to-paraboloid, not striate, reddish-brown, but paler towards the margin, and 2-3 cm in diameter. The stipe was slender, rooting, whitish and pruinose at the apex. The gill trama was hyaline and the spores were ellipsoid, dull brown and exceeding 10 µm in length. Pleurocystidia were obclavate, lageniform-to-fusiform, and cheilocystidia were versiform and intermingled with sphaeropedunculate cells (Kits van Waveren 1985; Vesterholt and Knudsen 1992). Although reported from the majority of Italian administrative regions, P. corrugis has not yet been observed and described in Calabria (Onofri et al. 2013 Anaptychia bryorum is an arctic-alpine to boreal-montane species generally growing amongst mosses and dying plants on base-rich siliceous substrates in the alpine and subalpine belts, quite widespread along all the Alps (Nimis et al. 2018). The lobes, rich in marginal adventitious lobules and the upper cortex made of interwoven hyphae allow to distinguish it from the similar Phaeophyscia constipata (Norrl. & Nyl.) Moberg, which lacks marginal lobules and paraplectenchymatous upper cortex (Nimis 2021). The only previous record from Lombardia is referred to an exsiccatum by Anzi (Lich. Lang. 54 A, named "Parmelia pulverulenta var. angustata"), cited by Lynge (1935).
G. Gheza, J. Nascimbene, P.L. Nimis Baeomyces placophyllus has been reported very rarely in recent times from the Italian Alps (Nimis 2016 and references therein). The only records from Lombardia were reported by Anzi (1862) from heathlands in the hills surrounding Como and highaltitude sites near Mount Gavia and the latter record was then cited by Giacomini (1937). These records widen the species range in Lombardia to the Orobic Alps. The collected specimens were sterile and had poorly developed marginal lobes.

Athallia cerinelloides (Erichsen) Arup, Frödén & Søchting
G. Gheza Bagliettoa marmorea is a common crustose lichen characterized by an endolithic thallus with a typical pink lithocortex and by completely immersed perithecia. It is common in Europe, in the Mediterranean region, but it is also widespread throughout the Alps (Nimis et al. 2018). To date, it has been reported in all the Italian administrative regions except Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta. It grows on hard limestone, a substratum rarely occurring in Piemonte, mainly in slightly to moderately eutrophic environments. The absence of a radially cracked involucrellum helps to separate this species from the congeneric Bagliettoa cazzae (Zahlbr.) Vězda & Poelt that also shows a pink-violet lithocortex (Yuzon et al. 2014).
D. Isocrono, S. Ongaro Calicium quercinum is a pin lichen typically found on lignum and bark of deciduous trees, more rarely of conifers, especially on old oaks and Castanea (Nimis 2016). This specimen colonized the cracked bark of old tree trunks in a fruit chestnut grove, together with other Caliciales, e.g., Calicium glaucellum Ach. and Nephroma resupinatum is a broad-lobed foliose cyanolichen typically found in shaded and moist forests, in Lobarion communities, on bark at the base of trunks or on stumps. The last records from Lombardia date back to the second half of the 19th century (Nimis 1993). It is listed in the Red List of epiphytic lichens of Italy as Near Threatened (Nascimbene et al. 2013).
G Pectenia atlantica is a a mild-temperate cyanolichen mainly found in western in Europe, doubtfully occurring in Italy where it could be restricted to humid-warm, oceanic areas (Nimis and Martellos 2021). This species and P. plumbea (Lightf.) P.M.Jørg., L.Lindblom, Wedin & S.Ekman, have been considered "species pairs" (i.e. closely related species that primarily differ in their reproductive modes) until a revision of the genus based on DNA analysis (Otálora et al. 2017). This made necessary to check all the specimens recorded as P. atlantica. All Italian samples in Herb. Ravera, on which previous records from Lazio and Umbria were based (see Nimis 2016), proved to belong to P. plumbea insofar as they lack the finely to strongly longitudinal stripes that characterize P. atlantica.
S. Ravera This lichen is characterized by a crustose, endosubstratic or thinly episubstratic thallus and by black perithecia with a flattened apex and a frequently open ostiolum. Its optimum habitat is on exposed carbonatic rocks above the treeline (Nimis 2016) where it is likely common, but strongly undercollected due to its small size and endolithic habitus. The last records from Veneto date back to the second half of the 19 th century (Nimis 1993 This crustose-placodioid lichen, belonging to the P. muralis-complex, is characterized by flattened to weakly convex central areoles with a distinct black margin and by sparse apothecia that have an irregular shape when mature. It is mainly known from the Mediterranean belt (Nimis 2016) being very rare at high elevations, where it occurs in xeric, sun-exposed sites, as in the case of this specimen, that was collected on the horizontal surface of a porphyric block on the southern slopes of the summit area of Colbricon.
J. Nascimbene, P.L. Nimis In northern Italy, this crustose lichen colonizing deciduous trees in open-humid woodlands is extremely rare (Nimis 2016) and likely survives in the small, scattered remnants of lowland deciduous forests (e.g., Bosco Fontana Natural Reserve) or in microrefugia along gorges (e.g., Feltre). The last records from Veneto and Lombardia date back to the second half of the 19 th century (Nimis 1993 Ramalina obtusata is a fruticose-shrubby, greenish to greenish-grey chlorolichen. The laciniae generally lack side branches and occur as fistulose, inflated and more or less pellucid. Labriform to helmet-shaped soralia are common and develop as farinose soredia mainly found on terminal or subterminal vesicles. Apothecia are extremely rare (Nimis 2016). Ramalina obtusata is a cool-temperate to southern boreal epiphytic lichen found on the bark of old conifers and rarely on deciduous trees, in open montane forests. This species has been reported only in north-eastern and southern Italy (Nimis and Martellos 2020). It is included in the Italian red list of epiphytic lichens as Vulnerable (Nascimbene et al. 2013). In Italy, this coastal lichen of acidic siliceous rocks is currently known only from Sardegna. Previous records from inland areas are now referred to Caloplaca viridirufa (Ach.) Zahlbr. (Nimis 2016). This species is characterized by a dark grey to almost black thallus and brown-orange to brick red apothecia with a persistent, dark grey, thalline margin. Our specimen was collected a few meters above sea-level, together with Physcia mediterranea