a Mesembryanthemum × vascosilvae naturalized in Stromboli b Passiflora incarnata on sands in Stromboli near San Vincenzo c Pelargonium graveolens and Saccharum biflorum in Vulcano along the roads d abaxial leaf surface of Lantana camara subsp. aculeata from Stromboli e Opuntia dillenii on a wall in Stromboli at Piscità f Datura wrightii grown spontaneously in a flower bed in Vulcano and treated as an ornamental.