Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 11

In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of vascular flora alien to Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, exclusions, and status changes for Italy or for Italian administrative regions. Nomenclatural and distribution updates published elsewhere are provided as Suppl. material 1.


How to contribute
The text for the new records should be submitted electronically to Lorenzo Lastrucci (lorenzo.lastrucci@unifi.it). The corresponding specimen along with its scan or photograph has to be sent to FI Herbarium: Museo di Storia Naturale (Botanica), Sistema Museale di Ateneo, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Firenze (Italy). Those texts concerning nomenclatural novelties (typifications only for accepted names), status changes, exclusions, and confirmations should be submitted electronically to Gabriele Galasso (gabriele.gal-asso@comune.milano.it). Each text should be within 1,000 characters (spaces included). Allium tuberosum is native to Asia, but is nowadays widely cultivated for ornamental and culinary purposes (Blattner and Friesen 2006). We observed several flowering individuals forming a well-established population at the edge of the road SS73 (from km 170 to 172). We also observed a few other individuals along the same road between Le Lastre and Arezzo at km 147 Amaranthus muricatus was observed for the first time in Roma in 2017 as a casual alien (Nicolella 2018). In recent years, we noticed that this species regularly produces abundant fruits. Despite recurrent cuts, it still occurs in the place of first discovery and has also spread to some nearby streets.
D  (Vega 2000). The systematics of the B. saccharoides complex is quite complex. Indeed, this species had already been previously reported in Italy for western Liguria by Barberis and Orsino (1984), but later the record was attributed to B. laguroides (DC.) Herter subsp. laguroides (Verloove and Lambonon 2008;Galasso et al. 2018). A similar report for France was, instead, attributed to B. barbinoidis (Lag.) Herter (Lambinon 1995), so this record is the first for Europe. The discovery site consists of a large area of ca. 100 m in radius characterized by a herbaceous cenosis, in which B. saccharoides is dominant.

D. Tomasi
Bougainvillea glabra Choisy (Nyctaginaceae) Bougainvillea glabra is an ornamental vine, very similar to B. spectabilis Willd. from which it differs for leaves glabrous to sparsely pubescent, generally elliptical with acute to attenuate base (vs usually densely pubescent, ovate with obtuse to rounded base), and for branches with generally straight (vs recurve) spines (Lu and Gilbert 2003;Udulutsch et al. 2020). We observed a wild individual in a seemingly little disturbed dune environment.
D. Viciani, S. Sarmati, G. Ferretti Carex tribuloides is native to eastern North America, where it inhabits wet to moist open habitats. It belongs to the species-rich section Cyperoideae G.Don, including 3 species in Europe and ca. 90 species in North America. It can be confused with two other North American relatives that are also introduced in Europe, C. bebbii (L.H.Bailey) Fernald and C. scoparia Willd., from which it can be easily distinguished (Mastrogiuseppe et al. 2002) by the leaf sheaths (apex expanded upwards beyond the insertion of the blade vs truncate) and the utricles (wingless or very narrowly winged towards the base vs conspicuously winged towards the base). C. tribuloides was previously reported from Sweden, from where it seems to have disappeared (Wallnöfer and Essl 2016). According to literature data, the presence of this species in Toscana has been reported for the Tuscan Archipelago and for Monte Argentario (Baldini 1995). In the Tuscan Archipelago, it was first reported by Sommier (1900), based on specimens collected on the islands of Capraia (FI!) and Elba (FI!). Subsequently, it was confirmed for both islands (Lastrucci et al. 2012a;Lazzaro et al. 2014). A further report for the island of Gorgona (Arrigoni 2017) lacks herbarium documentation in FI. A review, based on de Vos (1985), Grandis (2016), and Lazzeri (2016), of all herbarium material preserved in FI for Toscana and linked to the records cited above, has allowed us to attribute all the specimens to This widely cultivated taxon was identified according to Sweet (1825Sweet ( -1830 and was found in garrigues with Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav. and Poterium spinosum L., on sandy soils, in Habitat of Community Interest code 5420 "Sarcopoterium spinosum phryganas".
G. Galasso The species was recently recorded as casual alien in Lombardia by Mauri (2020). It presents (Fryer and Hylmö 2009;Dickoré and Kasperek 2010;Stace 2010) ovate to elliptic leaves, to 4 cm long, with 3-5 impressed veins, silevery tomentose underside. It can be mistaken for Cotoneaster pannosus Franch., with patent instead of erect petals. According to Dickoré and Kasperek (2010), and Tison and de Foucault (2014) This taxon is very easy to recognise because of its broader, coarsely dentate leaves, long pubescence and noticeably lilac ray flowers (the ray flower colour may be rather indistinctly pale in some plants, whereas flowers in other plants in the same area may be intensely coloured). Sennikov and Kurtto (2019) observed that this taxon tends to occur close to houses and gardens, probably due to its dispersal with garden soil or other material.
A.N. Sennikov, G. Galasso The circumscription of this taxon in Sennikov and Kurtto (2019) corresponds exactly to the traditional definition given by Wagenitz (1965) in central Europe and by Tzvelev (1994) in eastern Europe. According to Frey et al. (2003), the previous records from Lombardia (Arietti and Crescini 1980;Aeschimann et al. 2004) are considered erroneous (Galasso et al. 2018) as are those from Piemonte and Veneto (Aeschimann et al. 2004). In light of these new observations, it is more appropriate to consider the presence in Lombardia and Piemonte as doubtful.
A.N. Sennikov, G. Galasso Recent investigations along the edges of Lake Bracciano revealed that, since the last report by Galasso et al. (2019), this species has colonised also the western shore, between Vicarello and Bracciano (Roma), as well as other areas (Arrone river, Anguillara Sabazia, Roma province) for a total of ca. 12 km, showing high invasiveness both in aquatic habitats and on the beaches.
S. Magrini, E. Argenti, S. Buono  The first records reported in the literature for Tetragonia tetragonoides in Sardegna were in the "Sassarese" and in Siddi (Viegi 1993). We observed this species as naturalized along the coastal strip of Siniscola (Nuoro), in the locality of "S'Ena e sa Chitta" We detected several populations of Zantedeschia aethiopica colonizing wetlands and humid habitats. In particular, it is widespread along the Rio Posada (Torpè, Nuoro) with numerous lush individuals in full bloom within reed beds (28 February 2021), on the island of La Maddalena (Sassari) in the artificial lake of Puzzoni within wet meadows (10 June 2020), and in an artificial canal for facilitating freshwater runoff in the vicinity of the town of Alghero (Sassari) in the locality named Caragol (4 March 2021).
M. Marignani, E. Farris, L. Rosati Nomenclatural and distribution updates from other literature sources Nomenclatural, status, distribution updates, and corrections to Galasso et al. (2018) are provided in Suppl. material 1. G. Galasso, F. Bartolucci