Research Article |
Corresponding author: Lorenzo Peruzzi ( lorenzo.peruzzi@unipi.it ) Academic editor: Gianniantonio Domina
© 2016 Lorenzo Peruzzi, Giovanni Astuti, Fabrizio Bartolucci, Fabio Conti, Francesco Roma-Marzio.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Peruzzi L, Astuti G, Bartolucci F, Conti F, Roma-Marzio F (2016) Chromosome numbers for the Italian flora: 2. Italian Botanist 2: 29-42. https://doi.org/10.3897/italianbotanist.2.10900
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In this contribution new chromosome numbers for Italian endemic taxa are presented. It includes 13 chromosome counts for Ornithogalum (Asparagaceae), Anthemis, Carduus, Centaurea, Cirsium, Hieracium, Taraxacum (Asteraceae), Asyneuma (Campanulaceae), Knautia (Caprifoliaceae), Gypsophila (Caryophyllaceae), Linum (Linaceae), Helleborus (Ranunculaceae).
Cytogeography, cytotaxonomy, karyotype
The text concerning new chromosome data should be submitted electronically to Lorenzo Peruzzi (lorenzo.peruzzi@unipi.it), including indications on voucher specimens and methods used.
Chromosome number: 2n = 18 (Fig.
Voucher specimen. ITALY. Calabria. Tra la Manfriana e Timpa del Principe, versante meridionale (Cosenza), substrato calcareo 4 August 2011, L. Bernardo, L. Peruzzi, D. Gargano (
Method. Squash preparations were made on root tips obtained from germinating seeds. Root tips were pre-treated with 0.4% colchicine for 3 h and then fixed in Carnoy fixative solution for 1 h. After hydrolysis in 1N HCl at 60 °C, the tips were stained in leuco-basic fuchsin.
Observations. Linum katiae occurs only in Calabria, restricted to a single population on the Pollino Massif (Manfriana mountain) (
Chromosome number: 2n = 36 (Fig.
Voucher specimen. ITALY. Calabria. Tra la Manfriana e Timpa del Principe, versante meridionale (Cosenza), substrato calcareo 4 August 2011, L. Bernardo, L. Peruzzi, D. Gargano (
Method. Squash preparations were made on root tips obtained from germinating seeds. Root tips were pre-treated with 0.4% colchicine for 3 h and then fixed in Carnoy fixative solution for 1 h. After hydrolysis in 1N HCl at 60 °C, the tips were stained in leuco-basic fuchsin.
Observations. This species is endemic to Basilicata and Calabria (
L. Peruzzi
Chromosome number: 2n = 64 (Fig.
Voucher specimen. ITALY. Basilicata. Fontana di Rummo, Massiccio del Pollino (Viggianello, Potenza), 13 August 2011, L. Peruzzi (seeds collected in the field).
Method. Squash preparations were made on root tips obtained from germinating seeds. Root tips were pre-treated with 0.4% colchicine for 3 h and then fixed in Carnoy fixative solution for 1 h. After hydrolysis in 1N HCl at 60 °C, the tips were stained in leuco-basic fuchsin.
Observations. This species is restricted to southern Italy, where it occurs in Campania, Basilicata, and Calabria, whereas its presence is not confirmed in Abruzzo and Sicily (
Chromosome number: 2n = 16 (Fig.
Voucher specimen. ITALY. Calabria. Montea-Caramolo mountain range, Serra Paratizzi (San Donato di Ninea, Cosenza), 17 August 2014, L. Peruzzi (seeds collected in the field).
Method. Squash preparations were made on root tips obtained from germinating seeds. Root tips were pre-treated with 0.4% colchicine for 3 h and then fixed in Carnoy fixative solution for 1 h. After hydrolysis in 1N HCl at 60 °C, the tips were stained in leuco-basic fuchsin.
Observations. This taxon is distributed in central-southern Italy, from Emilia-Romagna to Calabria (
Chromosome number: 2n = 34 (Fig.
Voucher specimen. ITALY. Calabria. loc. La Cona (Tarsia, Cosenza), 15 August 2014, L. Peruzzi (
Method. Squash preparations were made on root tips obtained from germinating seeds. Root tips were pre-treated with 0.4% colchicine for 3 h and then fixed in Carnoy fixative solution for 1 h. After hydrolysis in 1N HCl at 60 °C, the tips were stained in leuco-basic fuchsin.
Observations. This subspecies is endemic to southern Italy (Apulia, Basilicata, Calabria, and Sicily;
Chromosome number: 2n = 40 (Fig.
Voucher specimen. ITALY. Basilicata. Piano Ruggio, Pollino Massif (Viggianello, Potenza), 6 August 2014, L. Peruzzi (seeds collected in the field).
Method. Squash preparations were made on root tips obtained from germinating seeds. Root tips were pre-treated with 0.4% colchicine for 3 h and then fixed in Carnoy fixative solution for 1 h. After hydrolysis in 1N HCl at 60 °C, the tips were stained in leuco-basic fuchsin.
Observations. This taxon is restricted to Italy, where it occurs on the mountains of the Majella (Abruzzo), Pollino Massif (Basilicata) and Sila (Calabria) (
Chromosome number: 2n = 36 (Fig.
Voucher specimen. ITALY. Basilicata. Mt. Pierno, Irpinia (San Fele, Potenza), faggete, boschi di latifoglie, pascoli e rupi calcaree (WGS84 33T 551245 E, 4515202 N), 1075–1268 m s.l.m., 5 June 2015, G. Astuti, L. Peruzzi, F. Roma-Marzio (
Method. Squash preparations were made on root tips obtained from germinating seeds. Root tips were pre-treated with 0.4% colchicine for 3 h and then fixed in Carnoy fixative solution for 1 h. After hydrolysis in 1N HCl at 60 °C, the tips were stained in leuco-basic fuchsin.
Observations. Ornithogalum etruscum is distributed in northern and central Italy, with two subspecies: O. etruscum subsp. etruscum (in Liguria, Tuscany, Marche Umbria, Latium, Abruzzo, Molise and Apulia) and O. etruscum subsp. umbratile (Tornad. & Garbari) Peruzzi & Bartolucci (in Emilia-Romagna, Tuscany, Marche, Umbria, Latium, and Apulia) (
Chromosome number: 2n = 24 (Fig.
Voucher specimen. ITALY. Tuscany. Pratofiorito (Bagni di Lucca, Lucca), sentiero a margine di bosco, 1117 m s.l.m., 20 May 2015, F. Roma-Marzio, M. D’Antraccoli, G. Astuti, L. Peruzzi (
Method. Squash preparations were made on root tips obtained from germinating seeds. Root tips were pre-treated with 0.4% colchicine for 3 h and then fixed in Carnoy fixative solution for 1 h. After hydrolysis in 1N HCl at 60 °C, the tips were stained in leuco-basic fuchsin.
Observations. This species occurs only in Tuscany on the Appennino Lucchese (
Chromosome number: 2n = 24 (Fig.
Voucher specimen. ITALY. Tuscany. Pratofiorito (Bagni di Lucca, Lucca), sentiero a margine di bosco, 1117 m s.l.m., 20 May 2015, F. Roma-Marzio, M. D’Antraccoli, G. Astuti, L. Peruzzi (
Method. Squash preparations were made on root tips obtained from germinating seeds. Root tips were pre-treated with 0.4% colchicine for 3 h and then fixed in Carnoy fixative solution for 1 h. After hydrolysis in 1N HCl at 60 °C, the tips were stained in leuco-basic fuchsin.
Observations. Similar to Taraxacum gianninii, T. lucense is distributed on the Appennino Lucchese, and sometimes these two species share the same sites (
G. Astuti, F. Roma-Marzio & L. Peruzzi
Chromosome number: 2n = 36 (Fig.
Voucher specimen. ITALY. Abruzzo. Feudo d’Ugni, Majella (Pennapiedimonte, Chieti), August 2011, F. Conti, F. Bartolucci (plants cultivated under acc. n. 509/11).
Method. Squash preparations were made on root tips obtained from potted plants, originally growing in nature, cultivated at the botanical garden of Centro Ricerche Floristiche dell’Appennino. Root tips were pre-treated with 0.4% colchicine for 3 h and then fixed in Carnoy fixative solution for 1 h. After hydrolysis in 1N HCl at 60 °C, the tips were stained in leuco-basic fuchsin.
Observations. This taxon occurs exclusively in the Abruzzo administrative region (
Chromosome number: 2n = 36 (Fig.
Voucher specimen. ITALY. Abruzzo. Guado S. Antonio, Majella (Caramanico Terme, Pescara), August 2006, G. D’Orazio (plants cultivated under acc. n. 248/06).
Method. Squash preparations were made on root tips obtained from potted plants, originally growing in nature, cultivated at the botanical garden of Centro Ricerche Floristiche dell’Appennino. Root tips were pre-treated with 0.4% colchicine for 3 h and then fixed in Carnoy fixative solution for 1 h. After hydrolysis in 1N HCl at 60 °C, the tips were stained in leuco-basic fuchsin.
Observations. Centaurea ambigua is endemic to Italy, distributed in central-southern zones, from Emilia-Romagna to Calabria, but doubtfully occurring in Campania. The autonymic subspecies occurs in these same regions, except Tuscany (
Chromosome number: 2n = 34 (Fig.
Voucher specimen. ITALY. Abruzzo. Near Lago Racollo (Santo Stefano di Sessanio, L’Aquila), July 2011, F. Bartolucci, N. Ranalli (plants cultivated under acc. n. 492/11).
Method. Squash preparations were made on root tips obtained from potted plants, originally growing in nature, cultivated at the botanical garden of Centro Ricerche Floristiche dell’Appennino. Root tips were pre-treated with 0.4% colchicine for 3 h and then fixed in Carnoy fixative solution for 1 h. After hydrolysis in 1N HCl at 60 °C, the tips were stained in leuco-basic fuchsin.
Observations. This species is distributed in central and southern Italy (
Chromosome number: 2n = 32 (Fig.
Voucher specimen. ITALY. Abruzzo. Limite inferiore del Bosco di Fonte Novello (Fano Adriano, Teramo), 20 April 2010, F. Bartolucci, F. Conti (
Method. Squash preparations were made on root tips obtained from potted plants, originally growing in nature, cultivated at the botanical garden of Centro Ricerche Floristiche dell’Appennino. Root tips were pre-treated with 0.4% colchicine for 3 h and then fixed in Carnoy fixative solution for 1 h. After hydrolysis in 1N HCl at 60 °C, the tips were stained in leuco-basic fuchsin.
Observations. This subspecies is endemic to central (Umbria, Latium, and Abruzzo, doubtful in Marche) and southern Italy (
G. Astuti, F. Bartolucci & F. Conti